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Collaboration between the awarding agency and recipient in the management of a project, as outlined in terms of the cooperative agreement. Substantial Involvement occurs when the recipient and the Service participate together in the management and/or performance of the activity/project during post-award. This collaboration is programmatic in nature and may provide benefits (e.g. technical expertise, specialized equipment, labor) that otherwise would be unavailable to the recipient.

It is important to understand that substantial Substantial involvement is NOT the same as the Service's standard financial assistance management responsibilities, nor is it to be used solely as a means of exercising greater control over the recipient.

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